Use of this standard is not restricted by size, complexity, criticality, or application of the software product. Software maintenance is the process of modifying a software product after it has been delivered to the customer. Software maintenance change control process change control process comes into effect when the software and associated documentation are delivered to configuration management change request form as shown in fig. As a result, the software maintenance team needs to use a quickfix model to avoid the time consuming process of smlc. Basili, yongmi kim computer science department and institute for advanced computer studies university of maryland, college park, md, 20742 donald r.
S o f t w a r e m a i n t e n a n c e reasons for maintaining software over a period of time softwares original requirement may change to reflect the customers needs. Software maintenance overview software maintenance is widely accepted part. Maintenance is needed to ensure that the software continues to satisfy user requirements. Finally, the last maintenance process, also an event which does not occur on a daily basis, is the retirement of a piece of software.
Once in operation, anomalies are uncovered, operating environment change, and new user requirements surface. A change analysis process to characterize software maintenance projects lionel c. Change management will help you direct and coordinate those changes so they can enhancenot hinderyour software. The main reason for such linking is the ripple effects caused by a code change. After completing the hectic and time consuming process of developing and testing a software application, taking measures to ensure its maintenance is quite sensible and important. The main purpose of software maintenance is to modify and update software application after delivery to correct faults and to improve performance. There are number of reasons, why modifications are required, some of them are briefly mentioned below. These models are also referred as software development process models. Keywords software change management, software configuration, software maintenance, process improvement, process modelling, process analysis abstract the goal of the research presented in this thesis is to examine software change management processes in order to identify essential change management prob. Software maintenance process models allison lindemann. Adaptive modifying the system to cope with changes in the software environment dbms, os. Dec 03, 2014 s o f t w a r e m a i n t e n a n c e 11 cost of software maintenance software maintenance 12. Software engineering process models by computer education for all. In this section a number of general process models are introduced and they are presented from an architectural viewpoint.
A task oriented software maintenance model 11 a methodology for software maintenance developed by yau 12 also explicitly deals with ripple effect as shown infigure 3. Oct 21, 2016 the more complex the software, the more maintenance it will likely need to ensure continued use. Software maintenance process model and contrastive. The methodology may include the predefinition of specific deliverables and artifacts that are created and completed by a project. Software process models fundamental process activities the software engineering process is the set of activities and associated results that produce a software product. Quickfix model changes made at the code level, as easily as possible rapidly degrades the structure of the software. This section describes the six software maintenance processes as. Software change management is the process of selecting which changes to encourage, which to allow, and which to prevent, according to project criteria such as schedule and cost. Also, traditional models fail to capture the evolutionary nature of the software. Software evolution and maintenance models slideshare.
Software change management processes in the development. Software maintenance is a part of the software development life cycle. We spend a lot of time extolling the virtues of preventive maintenance, but its far from the only maintenance strategy out there. There are many different approaches that you can mix and match, depending on your assets, your industry, and the size and experience of your maintenance team.
Machines, tools, parts, equipment, hardware, software, and so on equipment to be maintained. Each process model follows a series of steps unique to its type to ensure success in the process of software development. Objectoriented and classical software engineering 7e c julia m. Evolution of software development process models penn state harrisburg comp4w fall 2007 part of this material taken from steven schach. As the user has proper knowledge of the software system, it becomes easier to maintain the software system without having need to manage the detailed documentation. It is also known as a software development life cycle sdlc. Software maintenance and evolution are characterised by their huge cost and slow speed of impleme ntation.
Full text of control and management of the software maintenance changes process. The biggest challenge in software maintenance is when systems are not designed for changes. Studies suggest that the software maintenance process begins without proper knowledge of the software system. This standard uses a process model to discuss and depict aspects of software maintenance. The problem with too many general methods is confirmed by 33 who argue that there is a lack of specific, adaptable process improvement models for software maintenance and try to address this. Its possible to minimize maintenance costs through intelligent planning and execution, but its also possible. The software maintenance function suffers from a scarcity of management models to facilitate its evaluation, management, and continuous improvement.
Lewins, prochaska and diclementes, and lippits theories to introduce three different software maintenance models. A change analysis process to characterize software. Many process models have been described and we will look at a number of such models. First changes are made to the highest level documents. The process identifies the changes origin, defines critical project decision points, and establishes project roles and responsibilities. There are various software development life cycle models defined and designed which are followed during the software development process. This standard uses a process model to discuss and depict each phase of software maintenance. The more complex the software, the more maintenance it will likely need to ensure continued use. If the software must be ported to another platform without any change in functionality, this process will be used and a maintenance project team is likely to be assigned to this task. Software maintenance and change control process are critical elements of continued success of any software package.
Typically, maintenance takes up about 4080% of the project cost, usually closer to the higher pole. In this paper, we use change theory to introduce a deeper understanding of the software maintenance process. By keeping detailed records,following predefined standard operating procedures, and adhering to proper escalation protocols a company can efficiently maintain and update their product. Yet they are inevitable activities almost all software that is useful and successful stimulates usergenerated requests for change and improvements. These process models are alternatives, but not exclusive ones. When the real world changes, the software require alteration wherever possible. The software requirements ka is related closely to the software design, software testing, software maintenance, software configuration management, software engineering management, software engineering process, software engineering models and methods, and software quality kas.
In software engineering, a software development process is the process of dividing software development work into distinct phases to improve design, product management, and project management. The criteria established apply to both the planning of maintenance for software while under development, as well as the planning and execution of software maintenance activities for existing software products. These models consider the three success factors and incorporate contextual information to help maintainers better understand the software. The changes are quickly made to the code and then to the accompanying. From the original concept through phases of completion to maintenance updates, a software product is constantly changing. Waterfall model is the simplest model of software development paradigm. This document presents the fundamental principles that will guide the software maintenance and the user support tasks within the project. Rusty gaston is one of thousands of cios who use oracle software to automate their organizations supply chain, financial, and hr operations.
Firstly, descript of the eight software maintenance process, then, research software maintenance process model of the structure and content, including the rapid change model, boehm model, ieee model, iterative enhancement four models, finally, analyze to the four models of software maintenance process, provide the basis for the selection of the. Change is inevitable in all stages of a software project. But shes one of just a handful who have decided to run those applications without an oracle maintenance contract, giving up rights to software. The implementation process contains software preparation and transition activities, such as the conception and creation of the maintenance plan. S o f t w a r e m a i n t e n a n c e 12 software maintenance models software maintenance quickfix model iterative enhancement model fullreuse model boehms model tautes model. The criteria established apply to both the planning of maintenance for software while. It stands for all the modifications and updations done after the delivery of software product.
Software maintenance is an integral part of a software life cycle. Nov 27, 2011 firstly, descript of the eight software maintenance process, then, research software maintenance process model of the structure and content, including the rapid change model, boehm model, ieee model, iterative enhancement four models, finally, analyze to the four models of software maintenance process, provide the basis for the selection of the. Software engineering software maintenance javatpoint. Automatic demo models on startup can be disabled in the toolspreferences menu. Need for maintenance software maintenance must be performed in order to. The only constant in software development is change. Hence, a focus on maintenance definitely helps keep costs down. If the organization is isocertified and fully compliant, a good documentation of the process should be readily available. Software maintenance itself as a field of study is new compared to software development. On an average, the cost of software maintenance is more than 50% of all sdlc phases. This life cycle comprises seven phases, namely, problem identification, analysis, design, implementation, system testing, acceptance testing, and delivery phase. Changes are implemented in the software system by following a software maintenance process, which is known as software maintenance life cycle smlc.
The sm mm addresses the unique activities of software maintenance while preserving a structure similar to that of the capability maturity model integration cmmi. Full text of control and management of the software. Software engineering software process and software. Adaptive maintenance is concerned with the change in the software that takes place to make the software adaptable to new environment such as to run. Accordingly, the software product must change or evolve.
Nowadays, software maintenance is widely accepted as part of software development life cycle sdlc. Each model represents a process from a specific perspective. Its primary goal is to modify and update software application after delivery to correct errors and to improve performance. Agile software development is an approach that is used to design a disciplined software management process which also allows some frequent alteration in the development project. A study on estimating software maintenance found that the cost of maintenance is as high as 67% of the cost of entire software process cycle. Market conditions policies, which changes over the time, such as taxation and. User support and software maintenance process model. Jan 14, 2019 a maintenance action is always a software change, but its classification depends on the reasons that triggered it. A few of software development paradigms or process models are defined as follows. Change management for maintenance and reliability professionals with these elements in place, the work could be planned, scheduled and the work crews effectively and efficiently deployed.
Isoiecieee international standard for software engineering. Demo model automatically opens when processmodel starts, it will randomly pick a demo model from the industry selected during the install process. Y2k problem is an interesting example of the role of maintenance in software. A software process model is an abstract representation of a software process. The process and lifecycle models have evolved in an environment of high awareness of software development issues as opposed to maintenance issues and, as such, are development models. In the software maintenance process section we discuss the software maintenance process. S o f t w a r e m a i n t e n a n c e 12 software maintenance models. Some programs took that to mean that time had moved backwards. Our aim is to describe a landscape for research in software maintenance and. Mar 17, 2017 software engineering software process and software process models part 2. Maintenance for software always involves a change in the software. This is a type of software development methodologies which is one conceptual framework for undertaking various software engineering projects. Software change management processes in the development of.
Corrective maintenance is concerned with fixing errors that are observed when the software is in use. Squier computer sciences corporation system sciences division lanhamseabrook, md, 20706 abstract. It considers that the changes made to the software system are iterative in nature. This standard describes an iterative process for managing and executing software maintenance activities. Software engineering software maintenance geeksforgeeks. Software engineering software process and software process. The changes are quickly made to the code and then to the accompanying documentation iterative enhancement model. Software maintenance is the general process of changing a system after it has been delivered. Download scientific diagram software maintenance process model. Software maintenance process model and contrastive analysis. Maintenance is applicable to software that is developed using any software life cycle model for example, spiral or linear. This model is beneficial when a single user is using the software system. A software development paradigm has its own set of tools, methods and procedures, which are expressed clearly and defines software development life cycle. A process model gives an abstract representation of a way in which to build software.
Studies suggest that the software maintenance process begins without proper. Having briefly introduced software maintenance as a phase in the software life cycle, we can now proceed to discussing specific techniques, methodologies, and tools that support software maintenance. Software maintenance is widely accepted part of sdlc now a days. Y2k was the need to fix software that handled years as twodigit numbers when the calendar switched from 1999 99 to 2000 00.
Software maintenance, understanding the 4 types coderhood. Software products change due to corrective and noncorrective software actions. For example, the sashimi process is a way of organizing a waterfall with feedback. The essential part of software maintenance requires preparation of an accurate plan during the development cycle. There are various factors, which trigger maintenance cost go high, such as. Software maintenance in software engineering is the modification of a software product after.
There are four types of maintenance, namely, corrective, adaptive, perfective, and preventive. The typical reason for process change is either cost reduction or variation reduction. This may be effected at the coding level, or may require significant changes in design. Models will have a basic explanation and may have a narration to help. This occurs because the software maintenance team is unaware of the requirements and design documentation. Mar 10, 2018 software evolution and maintenance models. There are very many software process and lifecycle models and. If these parts of the work process were lacking they would have to be. Lets take a deep dive in the four types of maintenance, and how to recognize them. Software maintenance is the process of modifying a software product after it has. Software process models a software process model is a simplified representation of a software process. Additionally, we need a readily communicable model of the current process.
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